Phormium tenax
New Zealand Flax
Description
New Zealand Flax is a large, bold plant with stiffly vertical, sword-like, green leaves that arise from its base. It should be grown under full sun for best color. Varieties will offer different growth habits and leaf color.
Maintenance Tips
Phormium tenax is a perennial that grows as a clump with strap-like leaves. This is a very popular plant and has many different hybrids that are selected for their different foliage colors, sizes, and textures. When growing this species, there is a lot of genetic variety, so the size of the mature plant can range from 2' up to 8'. To keep the maintenance as low as possible, plant in a location that is full sun, and well-drained and give it the space it needs to reach maturity. These plants are often the victim of poor pruning habits, with gardeners cutting the leaves off in the middle or shearing them because they are too large for the space they have been given. If this is the case, they should be transplanted to a location where they can reach their full size, or other plants around them should be moved out of their way.
Plant Type
Shrub
Height Range
3-6', 6-12'
Flower Color
Red, Yellow
Flower Season
Summer
Leaf Color
Green, Dark Green, Grey Green, Variegated
Bark Color
n/a
Fruit Color
n/a
Fruit Season
n/a
Sun
Full
Water
Low
Growth Rate
Fast
Soil Type
Sandy, Clay, Loam, Rocky, Unparticular
Soil Condition
Average, Poor, Dry
Soil pH
Neutral
Adverse Factors
n/a
Design Styles
Mediterranean, Ranch, Seascape, Spanish, Tropical
Accenting Features
Showy Flowers, Silhouette, Specimen
Seasonal Interest
Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall
Location Uses
Background, Foundation, Patio, Park, Parking Lot, Raised Planter, Roadside, Swimming Pool, Walls / Fences
Special Uses
Container, Cut Flowers, Erosion Control, Filler, Hedge, Screen, Mass Planting, Wind Break
Attracts Wildlife
n/a
Water between sunset and sunrise when temperatures and wind are the lowest.